Enzymes are great catalysts because they are extremely selective and work under a variety of circumstances. Enzyme businesses have designed proteins that can work in severe process conditions, such as those that involve solvents, salts, and high temperatures, by combining the correct enzymes with genetic engineering. The global market for industrial enzymes is presently valued at $1.8 billion per year, and it is increasing at a rate of more than 20% per year.
Industrial enzymes are enzymes that are employed in a range of industries, including medicines, chemical manufacturing, biofuels, food and beverage, and consumer goods. Biocatalysis using isolated enzymes is now regarded more cost-effective than using whole cells, thanks to recent advances.
Any live organism can be used to extract biologically active enzymes. Over half of the hundred enzymes used in industry come from fungi, with the rest coming from bacteria, animals (8%), and plants (4%).
In India, the bio industrial sector, which primarily consists of enzyme firms, contributes roughly 5% of the country's GDP and is estimated to be worth Rs. 3,950 million, with a 5.33 percent growth rate. Novozyme is the market leader in India for industrial enzymes and is establishing a new R&D laboratory in Bengaluru. India continues to import 70% of its enzyme demand from the United States, Canada, and China.
Detergents with Enzymes
Only Proteases and Amylases are routinely used at the moment.
Dust-free granulates (approximately 0.5 mm in diameter) with an inner core containing inorganic ions (e.g. NaCI) and sugars as a preservative, bound with reinforcing, carboxy methyl cellulose or similar protective colloid. This core is covered with inert waxy materials such as paraffin oil or polyethylene glycol, as well as various hydrophilic binders, which are then washed away.
The Role of Enzymes in the Dairy Industry
Lactose is contained in milk at a concentration of 4.7 percent (w/v). Its presence in milk makes it unfit for the majority of the adult population on the planet. Lactose has issues such as limited solubility, which causes crystal formation. These issues can be solved by hydrolyzing lactose, which produces a product that is four times sweeter and much more soluble. Lactase (ß-galactosidase) can hydrolyze lactose.
Fruit juice, wine, brewing, and distilling industries all use enzymes. Cloudiness is a key issue in the preparation of fruit juices and wines, owing to the presence of pectins. -1,4-anhydrogalacturonic acid polymers with varied degrees of methyl esterification make up the majority of them.
In the Leather Industry, Enzymes
The processing of hides and skins for leather is one of the oldest applications of industrial enzymes. Protease and lipases are now mostly utilised for soaking, bating, and enzyme-assisted dehairing.
The demand for enzyme is calculated based on India's growth rate, which is clearly higher than the output. According to a study, enzymes derived from fermentation sources account for almost 80% of the overall market. In detergents, bacterial alkaline proteinases had the largest single enzyme market. Microbial proteinases accounted for 40% of the overall market, whereas gylcosidases accounted for around 20%. Non-hydrolase sales were led by glucose isomerase, which accounted for 6% of the total market.
Detergents and starch account for roughly 30 percent of sales, while dairy processing accounts for about 15 percent. Because most enzymes are manufactured by microorganisms in submerged cultures using biotechnology, the industrial enzyme market is rapidly rising.
Growing enzyme use in established application areas, enzyme use in new industrial processes, tight enforcement of environmental laws, and cost savings were some of the primary factors for this sector's growth in India.
The market for industrial enzymes was valued at USD 4.61 billion in 2016, and is expected to increase at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2017 to 2022. India's industrial enzymes market is expected to exceed US$ 361 million by 2020, thanks to the country's growing food processing, tannery, and textile manufacturing industries. Food and beverage, household care, animal feed, leather manufacture, textile processing, pharmaceuticals, and other industries all use industrial enzymes.
Industry Major Market Players
· Novozymes
· BASF SE
· DSM
· DuPont Danisco
· Associated British Foods plc
· Adisseo
· Novus International
· Advanced Enzyme Technologies
· Chr. Hansen Holding A/S
· Enzyme Development Corporation
· Lesaffre
